The active ingredients in hemp and marijuana are called cannabinoids. The most widely recognized cannabinoids are cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). These compounds affect the body by binding to receptors in the brain and immune systems. Hemp-based products are the primary source of CBD supplements used by pet-owners, and these supplements lack the higher levels of THC that cause the “high” sensation seen with marijuana use.
Dogs and humans both have cannabinoid receptors, but dogs and humans react to these compounds differently. Dogs have a greater number of receptors, making them much more sensitive to the effects of THC. The number of pets seen for marijuana toxicity has continued to rise as pets accidentally ingest or are administered medical marijuana. This can cause signs such as stumbling, depression, and severe lethargy. Depending on how much the pet ingests and the size of the pet, the symptoms can last up to 18 to 36 hours.
CBD is thought to have anti-anxiety and anti-inflammatory effects. The use of these compounds to treat various conditions in dogs is still in the very early stages of study. Currently, there is no definitive evidence that such supplements are effective, but very few harmful side effects have been reported with the use of CBD, or hemp-based, products.
There are a lot of testimonials about the positive effects people have observed in their pets after using CBD supplements. Owners of older animals with chronic pain, who do not tolerate traditional oral pain medications, appear to be the biggest advocates of these supplements. They see an improvement in their pet’s comfort and mobility using CBD products in combination with, or in place of, their other medications. Many owners have reported that the supplements have improved the appetites of pets with chronic, end-stage diseases such as cancer, heart failure or kidney failure. People also reported improvement in conditions such as cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and inflammatory bowel disease.
Veterinarians in all states are prohibited from prescribing medical marijuana, but hemp-based CBD supplements are legally available over the counter. Although CBD has been shown to be a safe compound for people and canines alike, your veterinarian can help guide you to the best combination of therapies to address your dog’s individual needs. If you are interested in veterinary hospice care and what alternative therapies could be helpful for your senior pet please call our office at (802)871-2329.